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Bioethics

Tracer Bullet 91-4


SCOPE

New biological technologies have sharply extended the power to control, explain, and predict human attributes and life processes. This increased capability and knowledge forces the ethical question, "We can do it, but should we?"

Bioethics is defined as the "ethical principles ... which govern the uses of biological and medical technology, especially as they bear directly on the treatment of human life." (Blakiston's Gould Medical Dictionary, 4th ed., 1979). Some of the specific bioethical issues that have recently gained national and international attention include euthanasia, in vitro fertilization, surrogate motherhood, human experimentation, genetic engineering, abortion, organ donation, and AIDS.

Participants in the discussion of bioethics include physicians and other health care professionals, biologists, psychologists, sociologists, lawyers, historians, and philosophical and religious ethicists. Increasingly, in recent years, professional societies, federal and state legislatures, and the courts have had to face questions related to bioethics. Correspondingly, there has been a vast increase in the literature on bioethical issues.

This guide lists published materials on many aspects of bioethics, the literature of which is varied and scattered. Related guides in the LC Science Tracer Bullet series are TB 80-9, Terminal Care, TB 80-11, Drug Research on Human Subjects, TB 83-4, Science Policy, and TB 84-7, Biotechnology. Not intended to be a comprehensive bibliography, this guide is designed--as the name of the series implies--to put the reader on target.

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INTRODUCTIONS TO THE TOPIC

Clouser, K. Danner. Bioethics. In Encyclopedia of bioethics. v. 1. Warren T. Reich, editor in chief. New York, Free Press, c1978. p. 115-127.
   Bibliography: p. 127.
   QH332.E52 <SciRR>

Troyer, John. Bioethics. In Collier's encyclopedia. v. 4. New York, Macmillan Educational Co., 1990. p. 164-166.
   AE5.C683 1990 and Pamphlet box <SciRR>

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SUBJECT HEADINGS

Subject headings used by the Library of Congress, under which books on bioethics can be located in most card, book, and online catalogs, include the following:

Highly Relevant

BIOETHICS
MEDICAL ETHICS
PSYCHIATRIC ETHICS

Relevant

BIOETHICS--STUDY AND TEACHING
EUTHANASIA--MORAL AND ETHICAL ASPECTS
HUMAN REPRODUCTIVE TECHNOLOGIES--MORAL AND ETHICAL ASPECTS
RESEARCH--MORAL AND ETHICAL ASPECTS
RIGHT TO DIE

Related

ABORTION--MORAL AND ETHICAL ASPECTS
BIOLOGY--MORAL AND ETHICAL ASPECTS
BRAIN DEATH
EUTHANASIA
EUTHANASIA--SOCIAL ASPECTS
GENETIC ENGINEERING--SOCIAL ASPECTS
GENETIC INTERVENTION
HUMAN EXPERIMENTATION IN MEDICINE
MEDICINE, EXPERIMENTAL--LAW AND LEGISLATION
SCIENCE--MORAL AND ETHICAL ASPECTS
TERMINAL CARE--MORAL AND ETHICAL ASPECTS

More general

BIOLOGY--SOCIAL ASPECTS
MEDICAL LAWS AND LEGISLATION
MEDICAL POLICY
MEDICAL RESEARCH

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BASIC TEXTS

Bard, Terry R. Medical ethics in practice. New York, Hemisphere Pub. Corp., c1990. 124 p.
   R724.B29 1990
   Includes bibliographic references.

Bioethics: basic writings on the key ethical questions that surround the major, modern biological possibilities and problems. 3rd ed. Edited by Thomas A. Shannon. Mahwah, N.J., Paulist Press, c1987. 620 p.
   R724.B47 1987
   Includes bibliographies.

Bioethics: readings & cases. Compiled by Baruch A. Brody, H. Tristram Engelhardt, Jr. Englewood Cliffs, N.J., Prentice-Hall, c1987. 403 p.
   R724.B484 1987
   Includes bibliographies.

Contemporary issues in bioethics. Edited by Tom L. Beauchamp & LeRoy Walters. 3rd ed. Belmont, Calif., Wadsworth Pub. Co., c1989. 655 p.
   R724.C67 1989
   Includes bibliographies.

Edwards, Rem Blanchard, and Glenn C. Graber. Bioethics. San Diego, Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, c1988. 755 p. R
   724.E33 1988 <SciRR>
   Includes bibliographies.

Loewy, Erich H. Textbook of medical ethics. New York, Plenum Medical Book Co., c1989. 252 p.
   R724.L64 1989 <SciRR>
   Includes bibliographical references.

Shapiro, Michael H., and Roy G. Spece. Cases, materials, and problems on bioethics and law. St. Paul, Minn., West Pub. Co., 1981. 892 p.
   KF3821.A7S47

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ADDITIONAL TITLES

Biomedical ethics. Edited by Thomas A. Mappes and Jane S. Zembaty. 3rd ed. New York, McGraw-Hill, c1991. 641 p.
   R724.B49 1991
   Reprinted from various sources.
   Includes bibliographical references.

Biomedical ethics: opposing viewpoints. Julie S. Bach, editor. St. Paul, Minn., Greenhaven Press, c1987. 216 p.
   R724.B492 1987
   Includes bibliographies.

Coppenger, Mark T. Bioethics: a casebook. Englewood Cliffs, N.J., Prentice-Hall, c1985. 206 p.
   KF3821.A7C67 1985

Engelhardt, H. Tristram. The foundations of bioethics. New York, Oxford University Press, 1986. 398 p.
   R724.E54 1986
   Includes bibliographies.

Kieffer, George H. Bioethics: a textbook of issues. Reading, Mass., Addison-Wesley Pub. Co., c1979. 454 p.
   QH332.K53
   Includes bibliographical references.

Macklin, Ruth. Mortal choices: bioethics in today's world. New York, Pantheon Books, c1987. 245 p.
   R724.M1614 1987
   Bibliography: p. 231-235.

Moral dilemmas in modern medicine. Edited by Michael Lockwood. London, New York, Oxford University Press, 1985. 259 p.
   R724.M673 1985
   Bibliography: p. 207-240.

Psychiatry, law, and ethics. Edited by A. Carmi, S. Schneider, A. Hefez, with contributions by G. Ammon and others. Berlin, New York, Springer-Verlag, c1986. 315 p. (Medicolegal library, 5)
   K487.P75Z97 1986
   Includes bibliography.

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RELATED AND SPECIALIZED TITLES

Ethical issues in the new reproductive technologies. Edited and with an introduction by Richard T. Hull. Belmont, Calif., Wadsworth Pub. Co., c1990. 271 p.
   RG133.5.E84 1990
   Articles reprinted from various sources.
   Includes bibliographical references.

Ethics in mental health practice. Edited by David K. Kentsmith, Susan A. Salladay, Pamela A. Miya. Orlando, Fla., Grune & Stratton, c1986. 250 p.
   RC455.2.E8E838 1986
   Includes bibliographies.

Euthanasia: opposing viewpoints. Neal Bernards, editor. San Diego, Greenhaven Press, c1989. 235 p.
   R726.E7924 1989
   Bibliography: p. 229-230.

Handbook on critical life issues. Edited and revised by Donald G. McCarthy, Edward J. Bayer. Braintree, Mass., Pope John Center, c1988. 218 p.
   R724.H23 1988
   Bibliography: p. 205-206.

Jewish values in bioethics. Edited by Levi Meier. New York, Human Sciences Press, c1986. 195 p.
   R725.57.J49 1986
   Bibliography: p. 190-191.

Law and bioethics: texts with commentary on major U.S. court decisions. Edited by Thomas A. Shannon and Jo Ann Manfra. New York, Paulist Press, c1982. 362 p.
   KF3821.A7L38
   Includes bibliographical references.

Rachels, James. The end of life: euthanasia and morality. Oxford, Eng., New York, Oxford University Press, 1986. 204 p.
   R726.R33 1986
   Bibliography: p. 188-196.

Smith, George Patrick. The new biology: law, ethics, and biotechnology. New York, Plenum Press, c1989. 303 p.
   TP248.2.S65 1989
   Includes bibliographies.

Taking sides: clashing views on controversial bioethical issues. Edited, selected, and with introductions by Carol Levine. 3rd ed. Guilford, Conn., Dushkin Pub. Group, c1989. 370 p.
   R724.T35 1989
   Includes bibliographical references.

Theology and bioethics: exploring the foundations and frontiers. Edited by Earl E. Shelp. Dordrecht, Holland, Boston, D. Reidel; Hingham, Mass., Sold and distributed in the U.S.A. and Canada by Kluwer Academic, c1985. 314 p. (Philosophy and medicine, v. 20)
   R725.5.T57 1985
   Includes bibliographies.

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HANDBOOKS, DICTIONARIES, AND ENCYCLOPEDIAS

Dictionary of medical ethics. Edited by A. S. Duncan, G. R. Dunstan, and R. B. Welbourn. New rev. ed. New York, Crossroad, 1981. 459 p.
   R724.D53 1981 <SciRR>
   Includes bibliographical references.

Encyclopedia of bioethics. Warren T. Reich, editor in chief. New York, Free Press, c1978. 4 v.
   QH332.E52 <SciRR>
   Includes bibliographies and index.

The Handbook of medical ethics. London, British Medical Association, c1984. 111 p.
   R724.H227 1984
   Bibliography: p. 95-98.

Hosford, Bowen. Bioethics committees: the health care provider's guide. Rockville, Md., Aspen Systems Corp., 1986. 340 p.
   R725.3.H67 1986
   Includes bibliographies.

Thomson, William A. R. A dictionary of medical ethics and practice. Bristol, Eng., J. Wright, 1977. 264 p.
   R724.T54
   Includes bibliographies.

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BIBLIOGRAPHIES

A Bioethical perspective on death and dying: summaries of the literature. Rockville, Md., Information Planning Associates, 1977. 88 p. R726.B48
   "Special supplement of the Bioethics digest."
   Bibliography: p. 80-83.

Biotechnology: a review and annotated bibliography. Technology Policy Unit, University of Aston, Birmingham; prepared by Harry Rothman and others. New York, Pergamon Press, c1981. 141 p.
   Z7914.C4B55

Goldstein, Doris Mueller. Bioethics: a guide to information sources. Detroit, Gale Research Co., c1982. 366 p. (Gale information guide library. Health affairs information guide series, v. 8)
   Z6675.E8G64 1982 <SciRR>

Hastings Center. The Hastings Center's bibliography of ethics, biomedicine, and professional responsibility. Frederick, Md., University Publications of America in association with the Hastings Center, c1984. 109 p.
   Z6675.E8H37 1984

Johnson, Gretchen L. Voluntary euthanasia: a comprehensive bibliography. Los Angeles, National Hemlock Society, c1987. 318 p.
   Z6675.E95J64 1987 <SciRR>

Leahy, Richard E. Legal death: a pathfinder to the current state of law and its implications. Legal reference services quarterly, v. 9, no. 3/4, 1989: 73-114.
   K12.E357

Medical ethics & health sciences: research subject analysis with bibliography. American Health Research Institute. Washington, Abbe Publishers Association, c1987. 163 p.
   Z6675.E8M43 1987

Smith, Andrew J. K., and J. Kiffin Penry. Brain death: a bibliography with key-word and author indexes. Bethesda, Md., Applied Neurologic Research Branch, National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Stroke, 1972. 30 p. (NINDS bibliography series, no. 1) (DHEW publication no. (NIH) 73-347)
   QP87.S58

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CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS

British Library. Lending Division. Index of Conference Proceedings Received (1974- )
   Z7403.B8b <SciRR>
   Does not index individual papers.

Conference Papers Index (1973- )
   Z7403.C84 <SciRR>
   Indexes individual papers.

Index to Scientific & Technical Proceedings (1978- )
   Z7403.I4 <SciRR>
   Indexes individual papers.

Proceedings in Print (1964- )
   Z5063.A2P7 <SciRR>
   Does not index individual papers.

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SELECTED CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS

Bioethical frontiers in perinatal intensive care. Edited by Chandice C. Harris and Fraser Snowden. Natchitoches, La., Northwestern State University Press, Northwestern State University, 1985. 131 p.
   RJ253.5.B56 1985
   Proceedings of a conference entitled "Bioethical and developmental frontiers in perinatal intensive care," held on May 10-11, 1984, by Northwestern State University College of Nursing in Shreveport, La.
   Includes bibliographies.

Biomedical ethics: an Anglo-American dialogue. Edited by Daniel Callahan and G. R. Dunstan. New York, New York Academy of Sciences, 1988. 175 p. (Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, v. 530)
   Q11.N5 v. 530
   Papers presented at a conference which was held by the Hastings Center and others in New York City on June 20-24, 1987.
   Includes bibliographies.

Dilemmas of Dying Conference (1979: Boston, Mass.). Dilemmas of dying: policies and procedures for decisions not to treat: proceedings of a 1979 conference sponsored by Medicine in the Public Interest, Inc. Edited by Cynthia B. Wong, Judith P. Swazey. Boston, Hall Medical, c1981. 205 p.
   KF3827.E87D54 1979
   Bibliography: p. 197-205.

Ethics in medicine: individual integrity versus demands of society. Editor, Peter Allebeck, Bengt Jansson; Congress organizers, Shimon Glick, Bengt Jansson, Elliot Leiter. New York, Raven Press, c1990. 224 p.
   R724.E8234 1990
   "The Third International Congress on Ethics in Medicine, held in Stockholm 1989."
   Includes bibliographical references.

Fukui Bioethics Seminar (1987: Fukui-shi, Japan). Human dignity and medicine: proceedings of the Fukui Bioethics Seminar held in Fukui, Japan, 10-12 April 1987. Editors, Jean Bernard, Kinichiro Kajikawa, Norio Fujiki. Amsterdam, New York, Excerpta Medica, 1988. 204 p. (International congress series, 778)
   R724.F85 1987
   Includes bibliographies.

Legal and ethical aspects of treating critically and terminally ill patients. Edited by A. Edward Doudera, J. Douglas Peters. Ann Arbor, Mich., Published in cooperation with the American Society of Law and Medicine by AUPHA Press, 1982. 344 p.
   KF3827.E87L43 1982
   Papers derived from 4 conferences sponsored by the American Society of Law and Medicine, and held in Detroit (Nov. 1979), Los Angeles (Apr. 1980), Minneapolis (May 1980), and Chicago (Oct. 1980).
   Bibliography: p. 334-339.

Life and death decisions. Edited by Arthur Winter. Springfield, Ill., Thomas, c1980. 71 p. R726.8.L53
   Papers from a symposium held on Sept. 13, 1978, in Nutley, N.J.
   Includes bibliographical references.

Pediatric brain death and organ/tissue retrieval: medical, ethical, and legal aspects. Edited by Howard H. Kaufman. New York, Plenum Medical Book Co., c1989. 365 p.
   RA1063.3.P43 1989
   Based on a conference held in March 1987.
   Includes bibliographies.

Science and ethics: papers presented at a symposium held under the aegis of the Australian Academy of Science, University of New South Wales, November 7, 1980. Edited by David Oldroyd. Kensington, NSW, Australia, New South Wales University Press, 1982. 120 p.
   BJ57.S2 1982
   Includes bibliographical references.

Science and morality: new directions in bioethics. Edited by Doris Teichler-Zallen, Colleen D. Clements. Lexington, Mass., Lexington Books, c1982. 293 p.
   R724.S394 1982
   Papers from 3 annual conferences beginning spring 1979 and sponsored by Nazareth College of Rochester.
   Includes bibliographical references

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GOVERNMENT PUBLICATIONS

GOVERNMENT PUBLICATIONS can be located in the following indexes:

CIS Index to Publications of the United States Congress (1970- )
   KF49.C62 MicRR, N&CP

Government Reports Announcements & Index (1946- )
   Z7916.G78 <SciRR>

Index to U.S. Government Periodicals (1970- )
   Z1223.Z915 MRR, N&CPR

Monthly Catalog of United States Government Publications (1895- )
   Z1223.A18 <SciRR> <N&CPR>

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SELECTED GOVERNMENT PUBLICATIONS

Defining death: a report on the medical, legal and ethical issues in the determination of death. President's Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical and Behavioral Research. Washington, U.S. Govt. Print. Off., 1981. 166 p.
   RA405.A3D43 1981
   Includes bibliographical references.

United States. President's Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical and Behavioral Research. Deciding to forego life-sustaining treatment: a report on the ethical, medical, and legal issues in treatment decisions. Washington, President's Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical and Behavioral Research, U.S. Govt. Print. Off., 1983. 554 p.
   R726.U55 1983
   Includes bibliographical references.

----- Implementing human research regulations: second biennial report on the adequacy and uniformity of federal rules and policies, and of their implementation for the protection of human subjects. Washington, President's Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical and Behavioral Research, U.S. Govt. Print. Off., 1983. 219 p.
   R853.H8U564 1983
   Includes bibliographical references.
   Continues: Protecting human subjects. 1982-

----- Summing up: final report on studies of the ethical and legal problems in medicine and biomedical and behavioral research. Washington, President's Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical and Behavioral Research, U.S. Govt. Print. Off., 1983. 137 p.
   R724.U55 1983a
   Includes bibliographical references.

United States. President's Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical and Behavioral Research. Securing access to health care: a report on the ethical implications of differences in the availability of health services. Washington, U.S. Govt. Print. Off., 1983. 3 v.
   R724.U55 1983
   Includes bibliographies and index.
   Contents: v. 1. Report.--v. 2. Appendices sociocultural and philosophical studies.-- v. 3. Appendices empirical, legal and conceptual studies.

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ABSTRACTING AND INDEXING SERVICES

Abstracting and indexing services that index relevant journal articles and other literature are listed below. Some suggested terms are given as aids in searching. The following indexes are available in most public and college libraries:

Applied Science & Technology Index (1913- )
   Z7913.I7 <SciRR>and CD-ROM
   See: Ethics
   Medical Ethics
   Science and Ethics
   Medical Research--Experimentation

Bibliography of Bioethics (1975- )
   Z6675.E8B53 <SciRR> and MRR
   Corresponds to the BIOETHICSLINE database.

Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (1956/60- )
   Z6675.N7C8 <SciRR>
   See: Ethics
   Ethics, Nursing

General Science Index (1978- )
   Z7401.G46 <SciRR>
   See: Bioethics
   Medical Ethics

Hospital Literature Index (1945/49- )
   Z6675.H75H67 <SciRR>
   See: Ethics, Medical
   Ethics, Nursing
   Euthanasia

Index Medicus (1960- )
   Z6660.I422 <SciRR>
   See: Ethics, Medical
   Ethics, Nursing
   Ethics, Pharmacy

Magazine Index (1980- )
   Available in several formats in LC
   See: Bioethics
   Medical Ethics

Readers' Guide to Periodical Literature (1900- )
   AI3.R45 <MRR>, <N&CPR>
   See: Bioethics

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JOURNALS

Journals that often contain articles on careers and career planning can be found include the following:

American Journal of Law and Medicine
K1.M445
Bioethics
QH332.B517
JAMA: the Journal of the American Medical Association
R15.A48
Ethics in Science & Medicine R5.S36
Hastings Center Report R724.H27b
Journal of Medicine and Philosophy R723.J66
Lancet R31.L3
Nature Q1.N2
New England Journal of Medicine R11.B7
Science Q1.S35

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REPRESENTATIVE JOURNAL ARTICLES

Anderson, W. French. Human gene therapy: why draw a line? Journal of medicine and philosophy, v. 14, 1989: 681-693.
   R723.J66

Annas, George J., and others. Bioethicists' statement on the U.S. Supreme Court's Cruzan decision. New England journal of medicine, v. 323, Sept. 6, 1990: 686-687.
   R11.B7

Areen, Judith C. Bioethics and law: the second stage: balancing intelligent consent and individual autonomy. The Marks Memorial Lecture for 1988-89. Arizona law review, v. 31, summer 1989: 447-459.
   K1.R49

Baum, Rudy M. Genetic screening: medical promise amid legal and ethical questions. Chemical & engineering news, v. 67, Aug. 7, 1989: 10-16.
   TP1.C35

Bioethics commissions: international perspectives. Journal of medicine and philosophy, v. 14, Aug. 1989: whole issue.
   R723.J66

Bopp, James, Jr., and James T. Burtchaell. Fetal tissue transplantation: the fetus as medical commodity. This world, no. 26, summer 1989: 54-79.
   B165.P7T48

Childress, James F. Ethical criteria for procuring and distributing organs for transplantation. Journal of health politics, policy and law, v. 14, spring 1989: 87-113.
   RA395.A3J68

Infertility and the new reproductive technologies. Journal of medicine and philosophy, v. 14, Oct. 1989: 473-585.
   R723.J66

Levine, Robert J. Fetal research: the underlying issue. Scientific American, v. 261, Aug. 1989: 112.
   T1.S5

Lo, Bernard, Fenella Rouse, and Laurie Dornbrand. Family decision making on trial: who decides for incompetent patients? New England journal of medicine, v. 322, Apr. 26, 1990: 1228-1232.
   R11.B7

Pollock, Stewart G. Life and death decisions: who makes them and by what standards? Rutgers law review, v. 41, winter 1989: 505-540.
   K25.N69

Roberts, Leslie. Ethical questions haunt new genetic technologies. Science, v. 243, Mar. 3, 1989: 1134-1136.
   Q1.S35

Swazy, Judith P. Ethical issues of artificial and transplanted organs. American scientist, v. 75, Mar./Apr. 1987: 192-196.
   LJ85.S502

Walters, LeRoy. Ethical issues in the prevention and treatment of HIV infection and AIDS. Science, v. 239, Feb. 5, 1988: 597-603.
   Q1.S35

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SELECTED MATERIALS

Selected materials available in the Science Reading Room pamphlet boxes include the following:

Aroskar, Mila A. Ethical issues in community health nursing. Nursing clinics of North America, v. 14, Mar. 1979: 35-44.

Coutts, Mary Carrington. Basic resources in bioethics. Washington, National Reference Center for Bioethics Literature, Kennedy Institute of Ethics, Georgetown University, 1989? 10 p.

Davis, Anne J. Ethics rounds with intensive care nurses. Nursing clinics of North America. v. 14, no. 1, Mar. 1979: 45-55.

Goldsmith, Marsha F. Health decisions for the American people subject of new national bioethical policy group. JAMA: the journal of the American Medical Association, v. 260, Nov. 4, 1988: 2478.

Kingman, Sharon. Medical research on trial. New scientist, v. 111, Sept. 18, 1986: 48-52.

Lumpp, Francesca. The role of the nurse in the bioethical decision-making process. Nursing clinics of North America. v. 14, no. 1, Mar. 1979: 13-21.

Nelson, Lawrence J., and Nancy Milliken. Compelled medical treatment of pregnant women; life, liberty and law in conflict. JAMA: the journal of the American Medical Association, v. 259, Feb. 19, 1988: 1060-1066.

Rensberger, Boyce. Tinkering with life. Science 81, v. 2, Nov. 1981: 45-49.

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ADDITIONAL SOURCES OF INFORMATION

BIOETHICSLINE (database)
Office of Inquiries and Publications Management
National Library of Medicine
8600 Rockville Pike
Bethesda, Maryland 20014
Telephone: (800) 638-8480

Center for Bioethics
Joseph and Rose Kennedy Institute of Ethics
Georgetown University
Healy Hall, Room 102
37th & O Sts. NW
Washington, DC 20057
Telephone: (202) 687-3885
(800) 633-3849

Hastings Center
255 Elm Road
Briarcliff Manor, New York 10510-9974
Telephone: (914) 762-8500

American Society of Law and Medicine, Inc.
c/o Larry Gastin, J.D., Executive Director
765 Commonwealth Ave., 16th Floor
Boston, Massachusetts 02215
Telephone: (617) 262-4990

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