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Effects of magnification and visual accommodation on aimpoint estimation in simulated landings with real and virtual image displaysTwenty professional pilots observed a computer-generated airport scene during simulated autopilot-coupled night landing approaches and at two points (20 sec and 10 sec before touchdown) judged whether the airplane would undershoot or overshoot the aimpoint. Visual accommodation was continuously measured using an automatic infrared optometer. Experimental variables included approach slope angle, display magnification, visual focus demand (using ophthalmic lenses), and presentation of the display as either a real (direct view) or a virtual (collimated) image. Aimpoint judgments shifted predictably with actual approach slope and display magnification. Both pilot judgments and measured accommodation interacted with focus demand with real-image displays but not with virtual-image displays. With either type of display, measured accommodation lagged far behind focus demand and was reliably less responsive to the virtual images. Pilot judgments shifted dramatically from an overwhelming perceived-overshoot bias 20 sec before touchdown to a reliable undershoot bias 10 sec later.
Document ID
19800025591
Acquisition Source
Legacy CDMS
Document Type
Technical Publication (TP)
Authors
Randle, R. J. (NASA Ames Research Center Moffett Field, CA, United States)
Roscoe, S. N. (New Mexico State Univ. Las Cruces, United States)
Petitt, J. C. (California Univ. San Diego, United States)
Date Acquired
September 4, 2013
Publication Date
October 1, 1980
Subject Category
Behavioral Sciences
Report/Patent Number
NASA-TP-1635
A-8104
Accession Number
80N34099
Funding Number(s)
PROJECT: RTOP 505-35-31
Distribution Limits
Public
Copyright
Work of the US Gov. Public Use Permitted.

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